From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Our Bird of the Month for this month are Buttonquail. These miniature quail are perfect to
compliment a finch aviary.
The buttonquails or hemipodes are a small
family of birds which resemble,
but are unrelated to, the true quails.
Buttonquail were traditionally placed in
Gruiformes or
Galliformes (the crane and pheasant orders). The
Sibley-Ahlquist taxonomy
elevated them to ordinal status as the Turniciformes and
basal to other
Neoaves
either because their accelerated rate of molecular evolution exceeded the limits of sensitivity of
DNA-DNA hybridization or because the authors
did not perform the appropriate pairwise comparisons or both. Morphological, DNA-DNA hybridization and
sequence data (Paton et al., 2003; Fain &
Houde, 2004, Paton & Baker 2006) indicate that turnicids correctly belong to the shorebirds
(Charadriiformes). They seem to be an ancient
group among these, as indicated by the buttonquail-like
Early Oligocene
fossil
Turnipax
and the collected molecular data (Paton & Baker 2006).
This is an Old World group, which inhabits warm grasslands.
These are small drab running birds, which avoid flying. The
female is the brighter of the sexes, and initiates courtship. The male
incubates the eggs and tends the young.
All but one (the Quail-plover, Ortyxelos
meiffrenii) of the 15 species are in the genus Turnix.
Small Buttonquail, or Andalusian Hemipode, Turnix sylvatica
Philippine Buttonquail, Turnix worcesteri
Sumba Buttonquail, Turnix everetti
Hottentot Buttonquail, Turnix hottentotta
Yellow-legged Buttonquail, Turnix tanki
Barred Buttonquail, Turnix suscitator
Madagascar Buttonquail, Turnix nigricollis
Spotted Buttonquail, Turnix ocellata
Black-breasted Buttonquail, Turnix melanogaster
Painted Buttonquail, Turnix varia
Chestnut-backed Buttonquail, Turnix castanota
Red-chested Buttonquail, Turnix pyrrhothorax
Red-backed Buttonquail, Turnix maculosa
Little Buttonquail, Turnix velox
Buff-breasted Buttonquail, Turnix olivei
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